I've heard the term "disc rot" used and never understood its use. I have had a couple game discs (Dreamcast, Gamecube) over the years that there was a point in the data layer where light would shine through if held up to a lamp. What caused it, I don't know because I bought the games that way, unfortunately.
Somewhere, I have been told that writing on CD-R discs with a Sharpie marker is bad because supposedly the chemicals in the marker ink eat through the disc over a period of years. True or not, I do not know.